Saturday, November 3, 2012

New York cancels marathon amid outcry

NEW YORK (Reuters) - New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg abruptly reversed course and canceled Sunday's marathon, a beloved annual race that had become a lightning rod for people frustrated by the disastrous aftermath of megastorm Sandy.

The decision on Friday came after a growing number of storm victims, some runners, and other politicians criticized Bloomberg's decision earlier in the week to go forward with the marathon, one of the world's most popular sporting events. They said the race, expected to draw more than 40,000 runners, could have diverted police and other resources from recovery efforts.

Bloomberg, hours after he repeated plans for the race to take place, issued a statement saying the event had become a "source of controversy and division" and would be scrubbed. The race will not be run again until next year, organizers said.

The decision removes what could have a been a dark spot on the mayor's legacy. Public opinion in the past few days had turned against the mayor, with growing numbers saying it was inappropriate to run the race when so many New Yorkers were suffering.

People angered by the marathon plans had set up online petitions calling for runners to boycott the 26.2-mile race, or to run backward from the starting line in protest.

The uproar grew after the New York Road Runners Club, the race organizer, set up generators in Central Park for communications and other operations. It said it had paid for those privately, not with public funds, but some complained that the equipment should have been donated to those without power, electricity or heat.

Some runners, hearing of the cancellation, expressed frustration.

"I have mixed emotions," said Christopher Miller, 34, of New Rochelle, New York, who would have been running his fourth New York City marathon. "Our hearts go out to people for their suffering, and also to the thousands who came from out of town and will leave without accomplishing what they set out to do months ago."

BAD RECEPTION FOR RUNNERS?

Another runner said the mayor should have stuck to the original decision, saying the race gives local businesses a boost and was set to raise large amounts for relief efforts.

"This was going to turn into a big recovery and healing event," said Usama Malik, 37, who works for a hedge fund. "I thought it was great that he (Bloomberg) made the decision to go on with it, to raise funds, to promote healing, and get people's minds off of everything else that's going on."

Sandy, which brought a record storm surge to coastal areas, killed at least 102 people after slamming into the U.S. Northeast on Monday. Forty-one died in New York City, about half of them in Staten Island, which was overrun by a wall of water.

The marathon starts in Staten Island and weaves through all five of the city's boroughs. Hundreds of thousands of people line the streets to watch the race.

Run every year since 1970, the marathon attracts professional and amateur runners, and is so popular that organizers run a lottery system to determine who can compete. The field features elite runners from around the globe, and is one of the six World Marathon Majors.

Among those who had been set to compete was Wilson Kipsang, the winner of this year's London Marathon, who had traveled 45 hours from his home in Kenya.

In announcing that the race had been called off, Bloomberg insisted it would not have diverted resources from the recovery effort. Hours earlier he had previously drawn parallels with the decision a decade ago not to cancel or postpone the marathon after the September 11, 2001 attacks.

However, he said, "we cannot allow a controversy over an athletic event - even one as meaningful as this - to distract attention away from all the critically important work that is being done to recover from the storm and get our city back on track."

Mary Wittenberg, the head of the New York Road Runners Club, said that as the controversy grew, she also was concerned about the reception runners may have received along the route.

At a news conference, Deputy Mayor Howard Wolfson said it had become clear that "something that every year brings joy and unity to this city had become divisive and painful, and this is a city that's had enough pain in the last week and I don't think we need to add more."

(Reporting by Martha Graybow, Edith Honan, Emily Flitter, Julian Linden, Michelle Nichols, Anna Louie Sussman and Phil Wahba; Editing by Paul Thomasch and Eric Walsh)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/york-cancels-sunday-marathon-wake-deadly-storm-003700277--spt.html

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iPad Mini available today, so here's how to get one fast

7 hrs.

The iPad Mini is now available?? at least the Wi-Fi-only version is. If you haven't gone online to?pre-order the tiny tablet already, you'll have to wait two weeks to get one?shipped to your home. But if you want to leave the house, you could have one today.

Estimated shipping dates on Apple's website are currently hovering at the "two weeks" mark and your luck won't be much better on the websites of authorized Apple?retailers such as Walmart, Target, Best Buy and RadioShack either. If you want an iPad Mini and you want it right now, you'll need to lace up your boots and take a stroll over to a good ol' brick-and-mortar store.

Despite plenty of reports that iPad Mini lines pale in comparison to those of other Apple product launches, it is difficult to establish just how high or low demand is. NBC News made calls to several Apple Store locations as well as to some authorized retailers in several states. In some instances, we got endlessly ringing phone lines, suggesting that things are busy. At one Best Buy in Florida, a clerk explained that the store didn't get the shipment it expected, and only had a few units.?

When we visited an Apple Store in Seattle, we didn't see any crowds or lines.?Business was brisk, and there was high interest in the iPad Mini, of course, but crowd control wasn't necessary to keep the buyers from getting too rowdy.

Things could be more complicated this week, in the aftermath of Superstorm Sandy.?Product shipments all over the country may have been delayed due to the storm.?Then again, many people on the East Coast and in the Midwest have greater concerns than buying the latest shiny product from Apple, so it may have lessened demand as well.

Since things can be very different depending where you live, our best advice is to?plan, call ...?and run.

Plan to head to a store early in the morning, when inventory may have been replenished?? and plan to get there early. Call ahead of time to see if you can get any details regarding how things are looking. And run as soon as you hear that an iPad Mini is available. If demand happens to be high, those things won't sit on a shelf too long.

Additionally, don't forget that your luck may be better at a store that's slightly out of the way. While it might get a smaller shipment of devices in the first place, folks might not bother going to it out of sheer laziness.

As a reminder: The iPad Mini starts at $329 for a 16GB Wi-Fi-only model. 32GB and 64GB Wi-Fi-only models are available for $429 and $529, respectively, while their LTE-capable cellular?counterparts ? launching later ??are priced at $459, $559, and $659, for the 16GB, 32GB, and 64GB versions, respectively.

The LTE-capable models are expected to ship (and hit shelves)?mid-November.

Want more tech news?or interesting?links? You'll get plenty of both if you keep up with Rosa Golijan, the writer of this post, by following her on?Twitter, subscribing to her?Facebook?posts,?or circling her?on?Google+.

Source: http://www.nbcnews.com/technology/gadgetbox/ipad-mini-available-today-so-heres-how-get-one-fast-1C6833474

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Look at some scenarios for Election Day headaches

WASHINGTON (AP) ? Mitt Romney would love an election like 1980, when Republicans carried 44 of the 50 states. President Barack Obama would be delighted with a repeat of 2008, when he trounced Sen. John McCain with almost 100 electoral votes to spare.

What both dread is a recap of 2000, when it took more than a month and a Supreme Court ruling before Americans learned who would be their next president.

Even without a massive recount, plenty could go wrong on Tuesday.

A look at a few scenarios that could give Obama and Romney an Election Day headache.

___

?Popular vote vs. Electoral vote

It's happened a few times before, most recently in 2000. The candidate who wins the most votes overall comes in second in Electoral College votes ? the ones that matter ? and loses the election.

The Founding Fathers came up with the much-derided system as a compromise between a popular vote and letting Congress pick the president. Attempts to abolish the Electoral College go back more than a half-century and seem to resurface every four years. But for now, it's here to stay. Proponents say doing away with the system would give areas with the densest population too much influence over the election.

So what are the chances this year of an electoral-popular split?

"It's not likely, but it's certainly possible. It's more likely than in most years, and more so than even a month ago," says Quinnipiac University pollster Peter Brown.

That's because Romney, in some national polls, is ever-so-slightly ahead, making it plausible he'll win the popular vote nationwide. But many of the most competitive states, where the election will be decided, seem to be leaning in Obama's direction. That means it's possible Obama could lose the popular vote but still win the electoral vote, granting him a second term in the White House.

___

?Trouble at the polls

Long lines, problems with voting machines and challenges to voters' eligibility could all make for trouble at the polls. Hurricane Sandy, which knocked out power to millions across the East Coast, could increase the likelihood that things won't go as smoothly as planned.

A recent push by Republican officials in many states for tougher voting restrictions, such as requiring voters to show photo ID, could lead to a high number of provisional ballots, which voters are required to use if there's a question about their eligibility. Those ballots are counted only if election officials determine the voters in question were eligible to vote. Different states have different rules on eligibility. It all makes it more likely there won't have a clear winner the night of the election.

Obama and Romney have scores of election lawyers on hand, ready to jump into action should the need arise. Experts say it's most likely that litigation over the presidency would come down to Florida or Ohio, the states where Romney and Obama have campaigned the hardest.

___

A tie

?A 269-269 Electoral College tie

It takes 270 electoral votes to win. But what if both candidates win 269?

It's never happened. If it did, the newly elected House of Representatives would pick the president. Republicans control the House now, and are likely to hold on to their majority after Election Day. What's more, instead of all 435 members getting a vote, each state delegation would get one vote. Since Republicans control many of the smaller states with fewer representatives, the GOP would have the advantage in this scenario.

But the Senate would get to pick the vice president. The Senate is in Democratic control and probably will stay that way. So would Senate Democrats send Joe Biden to be Romney's vice president? Would Biden accept?

It's safe to assume both candidates are hoping we'll never have to find out.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/look-scenarios-election-day-headaches-121105956--election.html

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Fitness Boot Camps Can Change Your Life - AORB Health Foundation

If you live in or around the Tustin area and are looking to lose weight, gain self-esteem, and work your way toward a healthy, positive life, a fitness Boot Camp in Tustin may exactly what you?re looking for.

Fitness boot camps are classes that promote body fat reduction, aide in body sculpting, increasing self-confidence, and encouraging team effort, all while allowing an individual to learn more about his or her inner self. for those tired of attending local Tustin gyms, a fitness Boot Camp in Tustin is a better option for those tired of their stale gym routine. Boredom is one of the top reasons that people give up on their weight-loss plans.

When you think of a fitness boot camp, you may imagine a military based camp. While these types of boot camps do exist, many boot camp founders are distancing themselves from the military image. Training is still vigorous and efficient; the only difference is that the focus is more on social and mental support. Individuals are allowed to have fun while engaging in fitness activities in order to reach their goals.

Most boot camps are created and run by gyms, personal trainers, or military personnel, although the individual trainers depend on the company behind the boot camp?s creation. Some are very strict, while others are more lenient on members. The commonality among all fitness boot camps is that they strive to build strength, endurance, and stamina through various activities over a certain period of time.

Some activities involved in fitness boot camps include basic stretching, weight lifting, running, push ups, sit ups, and various other intense workouts. Fitness boot camp workouts are sometimes compared to Cross Fit routines. Workout routines often end with light stretching or yoga. The ultimate goal of workouts are not only to lose weight and sculpt the body, but to promote a healthy heart and teach an individual to become accustomed to a regular workout routine.

Workout routines are often results-based and customized to fit an individual?s specific needs. Not only do boot camps help others lose weight, many facilities are also designed to promote mental health, including de-stressing, reducing anxiety, teaching interpersonal relationship skills, and increase general productivity throughout an individual?s life. In other words, anything keeping you from reaching your fitness goals will be addressed and hopefully overcome.

If you?re in need of a life-changing experience, consider looking into fitness boot camps.

Source: http://www.aorb.org/medical-health-news/fitness-boot-camps-can-change-your-life/

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New mental health center, key to Portland police reforms, no done ...

When Portland's mayor last week announced the city's plan to address federal concerns about police treatment of people in mental health crisis, he highlighted a key feature: a drop-off or walk-in center where police could take patients in need. He said a center would open in mid-2013.

But the issue is far from settled. Leaders of the health care organizations that Mayor Sam Adams said would open the centers say they haven't ironed out what one would look like, where it would be, how it would be funded or even whether such a facility is the best solution. Multnomah County officials say they were not involved in any talks. And other mental health providers called the deadline unrealistic.

"How this effort will be funded is a good question, and we don't have an answer to that right now," said Janet L. Meyer, interim chief executive office of Health Share of Oregon.

Health Share is one of the state's two new coordinated care organizations for Multnomah County -- a network of health care providers to serve people under the Oregon Health Plan.

"To have something as complex as a drop-off center organized, established and operational by mid-2013 seems, quite frankly, beyond what would be considered possible," said Derald Walker, chief executive officer of Cascadia Behavioral Healthcare.

Written into Portland's negotiated agreement with federal justice officials is the expectation by the U.S. Department of Justice that the state's new local coordinated care organizations will create one or more of the centers for people in need of immediate mental health care by mid-2013.

Meyer said her management team worked closely with the mayor to assist in Portland's response to the Justice Department inquiry. The team's role, she said, was providing background information.

"We agreed that if the outcome of our work indicates a need for a drop off center, then it would be incumbent on everyone -- Health Share, FamilyCare and the county mental health authority -- to facilitate the creation of such a facility."

She called next year's deadline "a challenge."

Jesse Gamez, chief operating officer for FamilyCare Inc., said Thursday he had talked with the mayor by phone before the Justice Department agreement was released, but doesn't know where the mid-2013 deadline came from.

Gamez described the opening of a crisis drop-off center as "one of the options" where police might take people in need of immediate mental health care. "To me, it's unclear how the funding stream is going to occur."

"We are there to partner with the city. We are going to be involved in the process moving forward," Gamez said.

Multnomah County spokesman David Austin said county mental health providers have been involved with the city in "broad-based" discussions on how to improve the mental health-care system.

"We were not involved in any plans or discussions with the city or CCOs around building new drop-off centers," Austin said. "We were not a party to this."

For years, Portland police have lamented the 2003 closing of the Crisis Triage Center at Providence Medical Center, where officers could drop off someone they encountered during a call who needed immediate mental health care.

But the triage center quickly became overrun with patients. And, despite the center's ability to keep patients on mental health holds up to 72 hours, patients often were let out after that period. Budget cuts closed the center.

After the 2006 death in Portland police custody of James P. Chasse Jr., a 42-year-old man with paranoid schizophrenia, the city and county moved to open a new, 16-bed Crisis Assessment Treatment Center. The Portland Development Commission provided $2 million for development, and the state contributed $1 million to renovate the second floor of the David P. Hooper Sobering Center for the new center.

The center opened in June 2011 off Northeast Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard. Its staff provides patients up to 10 days of assessment and treatment, and develops a treatment plan for after they leave the center. Police, hospital ER staff or mental health care providers can refer patients by calling the county's Mental Health Call Center. But the Crisis Assessment and Treatment Center is not a "drop-off" center for anyone who wants services.

Oregon's U.S. Attorney Amanda Marshall said that before the federal-city agreement was reached, she had attended a brief meeting with the mayor, Central City Concern, hospital officials and other community-based health care groups. "We discussed the need to have the private sector come together to work with the city and state," on mental health care reforms, Marshall said. But any details about deadlines or drop-off centers were negotiated by the mayor, Marshall said.

Adams and Commissioner Amanda Fritz said the mid-2013 deadline came from their talks with coordinated care organization representatives over the past several months.

"Everything in that agreement regarding the drop-off centers, they agreed to," Adams said Thursday.

But the mayor and Fritz said no details on location or funding have been ironed out. Adams said those questions would be answered by a coordinated care organization-subcommittee that includes city and county representatives. "Having us at the table redesigning mental health community services is key," he said.

Fritz added, "We think it'll end up being cheaper to take care of people in crisis."

The mayor said his early conversations with community-based health care organizations suggested it would take 18 to 24 months before the CCO "could get to local mental health service reform."

"At my request, I am very grateful they moved it up to mid-2013," Adams said.

Walker isn't convinced the mayor's timeline is achievable for a drop-off center. "As much as we would like to have something like that set up" he said, "that strikes me as overly ambitious."

Maxine Bernstein; Follow maxoregonian on Twitter

Source: http://www.oregonlive.com/portland/index.ssf/2012/11/new_mental_health_center_key_t.html

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Thursday, November 1, 2012

Obama cancels third campaigning day to oversee storm response (reuters)

Share With Friends: Share on FacebookTweet ThisPost to Google-BuzzSend on GmailPost to Linked-InSubscribe to This Feed | Rss To Twitter | Politics - Top Stories News, RSS and RSS Feed via Feedzilla.

Source: http://news.feedzilla.com/en_us/stories/politics/top-stories/259354281?client_source=feed&format=rss

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Australia's Sermanni hired as new US women's coach

CHICAGO (AP) ? When Tom Sermanni shook hands with Pia Sundhage after her last game as coach of the U.S. women's soccer team, he should have asked her for a few tips.

Sermanni was hired Tuesday to replace Sundhage, who led the Americans to back-to-back Olympic gold medals and their first World Cup final in 12 years. Sermanni has spent the last eight years as Australia's coach, taking the Matildas to the quarterfinals of the last two Women's World Cups.

"He has the knowledge, experience and vision to take on the challenge of keeping our team at the top of the world," U.S. Soccer Federation president Sunil Gulati said in a statement. "He has a tremendous passion for the game, knows the American players, understands our system and knows the process of preparing a team for a World Cup tournament."

Sermanni, a 58-year-old originally from Glasgow, Scotland, has spent much of the last 20 years in Australia, where he is credited with transforming the Matildas into one of the world's top programs. In addition to their quarterfinal appearances at the 2007 and 2011 World Cups, the young Australians won the 2010 Asian Women's Cup. Their runner-up finish at the same tournament in 2006 earned Sermanni Asian Football Confederation coach of the year honors.

The Australians are ninth in the world, matching their highest ranking.

Sermanni also coached Australia from 1994-97, leading the Matildas to their first appearance in a World Cup, the 1995 tournament in Sweden. He was among 10 candidates for FIFA's 2011 Women's Coach of the Year.

"Tom's legacy for Women's Football in Australia will be felt for many years to come as he has helped transform our women's national team to a very professional and competitive group of players," Ben Buckley, CEO of Football Federation Australia, said in a statement. "Tom will always be considered a close friend of Australian football no matter where he is in the world."

Sermanni was selected after a five-person search committee, which included Mia Hamm, considered more than 30 candidates. The current U.S. players said they didn't care whether the new coach was male or female, American or foreign-born, so long as the right coach was selected.

The coaches of both U.S. national teams are foreign-born, with German-born Jurgen Klinsmann, a longtime California resident, coaching the men.

"Someone who's good enough, that's all I care about," Abby Wambach said earlier this month. "Be the person who brings the World Cup back."

Sundhage was 91-6-10 in her five years with the Americans, including a 23-1-1 record this year, and the U.S. was ranked No. 1 in the world for most of her tenure. She resigned Sept. 1 to return to her native Sweden, where she is now the women's national team coach.

"We need a strong person to come in and add to the history that this team, specifically, has created in the last two years," Wambach said. "... This team is scary good, and we need to have someone who can put all the Xs and Os together."

After Sermanni's hiring was announced, Megan Rapinoe, Alex Morgan and Wambach welcomed him via Twitter.

"really pumped about (at)TomSermanni being the new uswnt head coach!!! Welcome. (hashtag)movingforward," Wambach said.

Sermanni has experience coaching young players, which will be key as the U.S. begins integrating its next generation. Though veterans like Wambach, captain Christie Rampone and Shannon Boxx have all talked of playing through the 2015 World Cup in Canada, the next major tournament, there is plenty of depth and talent at the lower levels, too. The U-20 team just won the World Cup, and the U-23 team won both tournaments it played this year.

Sundhage had also begun changing the Americans' style of play. As the game evolves and improves around the world, relying on the advantages it has in size, speed and power is no longer enough for the U.S. Sundhage introduced a Barcelona-style attack that relied on creativity and ball possession, and Sermanni will have to decide whether to continue that or not.

"U.S. Soccer has always been at the forefront of supporting the women's game, and it's exciting to coach the team in this next chapter of its history," Sermanni said. "After coaching against many of these players for years, I am looking forward to working with an accomplished group of veterans while integrating the numerous talented young players who are itching for a chance to prove themselves.

"I'm honored to have this opportunity to work with tremendous players and in a program that has had such a tradition of success," he added.

Sermanni does not take over officially until Jan. 1, and will coach Australia in the East Asian Cup Qualification tournament from Nov. 20-24 in Shenzen, China. Interim coach Jill Ellis will lead the Americans in exhibitions against Ireland on Nov. 28 in Portland, Ore., and on Dec. 1 in Glendale, Ariz., as well as three games that have yet to be announced.

A midfielder, Sermanni played professionally from 1971-89 at clubs in Scotland, England, Australia and New Zealand, including Blackpool and Torquay, and scored more than 50 goals. He got into coaching soon after, and has had stints as both a men's and women's coach in Japan, the U.S. and Malaysia, in addition to Australia.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/australias-sermanni-hired-us-womens-coach-180116049--sow.html

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Wednesday, October 31, 2012

Has anyone experienced this? : Grief and Loss Forum - Psych forums

I have always known there was something wrong with me from the time I was a child. When I was about 10 or 11 years old, my mom took me to see a therapist. After about a half dozen sessions of me sitting there with my arms crossed and silent the entire time, my mom quit taking me. When I was 12, I lost my grandmother who meant more than life itself to me. My grandmother had mental health issues in her past and seemed to understand that there was something "different" about me, but genuinely loved me nonetheless. She took an interest in me, spent considerably more time with me than her other grandchildren, and took care of me. Her death marked a turning point in my life that has been a downhill roll over since.

My first suicide attempt was when I was 19. Like an idiot, I took about 2 handfuls of 800mg prescription Motrin which resulted in throwing up blood. That was the first of many hospitalizations to come. I was diagnosed then as being Bipolar which just seems to me to be a catchall diagnosis. I took medication for a period of time before giving up on the process. In 2002, I was formally diagnosed by a psychologist who took his time diagnosing me only after having seen me for a period of a few months. While I had at least some hope before for help to be received by being Bipolar, that changed once I got the BPD diagnosis.

Fast forward a few years and at 22 years of age, I became a mother. I was not prepared to be a mother or that the partner I was with would be as unsupportive as he was. When my daughter was 4 years old, I lost custody for the first time for more than a year. When she was 11, I lost custody again but I regained custody after about 4 months. In 2010, I lost custody again and eventually ended up with my daughter in a guardianship situation in which I have had very little time to see her. Two weeks ago, I attempted to contact the guardian to visit and I have not heard anything back. To say that I have been in a severe emotional tailspin ever since would be an understatement.

I've been through years and years of therapy and medication only to see no improvement in my condition. I've read everything I can about BPD hoping to get some sort of insight and find ways of coping. In early 2011, I tried committing suicide and very nearly succeeded. I took handfuls of anti anxiety medication, narcotic pain meds, and sleep meds. I woke up a week later, intibated, from a coma and in full liver failure. Apparently, I was shocked my the electric paddles from the paramedics to restart my heart. I was so angry at having woken up and I still am. Immediately after I left the hospital, my brother filed a restraining order against me which caused me to lose my home. Over the course of the year, I lost my fiance, several close friends, my albeit rocky relationship with my brother, 2 substantial car accidents, and most of the money I had saved. My aunt took me in and I have been living here since. Several months ago, my brother found out I was attending church and started going to the same one. One evening as he left, he told me he loved me. I felt anger and rage inside me, from his audacity to say he loved me. Someone who loved me would never have turned their back on me. I stuck with him through his lifes trials and he apparently refused to for me.

Ever since losing custody of my daughter permanently about 2 months ago, I've realized that absolutely everything in me has died. I hardly leave the house, rarely answer the phone, and try not to ever mention anything about how I am feeling because I have become sick to death of hearing "it will all be okay", "time heals all wounds", "turn to the Lord..." I feel more disconnected than ever from God and my faith and I was raised in church. I went from being an amazingly social person who volunteered, worked, went to school, etc. into absolutely nothing. My suicidal thoughts are constant and can overwhelm me at any moment, in the grocery store, driving, waking me in the middle of the night, etc. In some silly way, at least I felt whole before, but now I feel as if I am in a million little pieces ever so carefully being held together by a string. My health has declined significantly in the last year and a half. I wish every day that I was able to have ended it a year ago because living in such unbearable gut wrenching pain is not a way to live.

Source: http://www.psychforums.com/grief-loss/topic100036.html

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Monday, October 29, 2012

Jobs data, election may overshadow earnings

By Ryan Vlastelica, Reuters

NEW YORK ? Earnings season may be only half over, but the focus on profits should subside next week as investors turn their attention to the coming election and Friday's jobs report, the last major data release before the Nov. 6 contest.

More bellwether companies are scheduled to report results in what will be another "peak week" of the earnings season. Such a flurry of numbers normally holds Wall Street's attention and can lead to market swings. But volume and volatility may be slight next week, with market participants opting to remain on the sidelines ahead of the jobs data and the election.

The U.S. government's October jobs report will give a snapshot of the current labor market. It could also give a bit of a lift to President Barack Obama, should it come out better than anticipated, or help Republican candidate Mitt Romney ? if it is worse than forecast.

Polls currently indicate that President Obama is a slight favorite to win on Nov. 6, but the race will be tight. The most recent Reuters/Ipsos poll of likely voters shows the president ahead ? 47 percent to 46 percent.

The Standard & Poor's 500 Index fell 1.5 percent this week, largely because of a spate of earnings disappointments. The Dow Jones industrial average slid 1.8 percent this week, and the Nasdaq composite index dropped 0.6 percent.

What's notable, however, is that rebounds have been brief and quick to attract sellers.

Eyes on the election
Some investors cited the approaching election as a barrier to committing new capital to the market.

"Not many people have the stomach to plop down their bets when polling is so close," said Hayes Miller, the Boston-based head of asset allocation in North America at Baring Asset Management. "For the most part, investors will wait and see what happens."

Miller, who helps oversee more than $50 billion in assets, said the trend of caution would be especially pronounced in the health care, financial and energy sectors ??three areas that may face different regulatory outlooks, depending on the election's outcome.

"These are the ones really in play," he said.

Expectations for the next nonfarm payrolls report, set for release on Friday, are by no means certain, either. Analysts expect 124,000 jobs were added in October ? up 10,000 from September. However, the unemployment rate is also seen ticking higher ? to 7.9 percent from 7.8 percent.

A payroll surprise in either direction could further cloud expectations for the election's outcome.

"A big change in payrolls could cause some uncertainty over the winner," said Jerry Harris, president of asset management at Sterne Agee, in Birmingham, Ala. "I don't expect a big surprise, but while the S&P doesn't seem especially vulnerable at these levels, I don't think it is in a hurry to go up, either."

The market will also have to contend with the weather. Hurricane Sandy is expected to hit the U.S. East Coast early in the week. New York City officials were considering closing down bus and subway lines next week.

At the New York Stock Exchange, the plans call for business as usual. The exchange issued a statement on Friday saying it has contingency plans to have the market running, adding that it has back-up power generation facilities. The Big Board will make accommodations for critical staff and traders.

Rival marketplace NASDAQ OMX said in a statement that it has plans to make sure its systems are ready. It will communicate with its members before, up to and after the storm.

Goldman Sachs & Co. told employees in an internal memo Sunday that the firm will be open for business on Monday, though only employees "critical" to operations will be asked to get to downtown Manhattan, and then only if they can do so safely.

Goldman will have other employees working from Greenwich, Connecticut, and Princeton, New Jersey, and many employees will work from home as well, the memo said.?

Disappointing earnings
While the market at large may be waiting on news events, individual stocks could still be volatile as earnings season grinds along. More than half of the S&P 500 components have reported results so far. Next week, though, will bring reports from some marquee names such as Dow components Chevron and Pfizer, as well as S&P 500 stalwarts Visa, Ford Motor and Starbucks.

This earnings season, a number of high-profile companies have missed estimates, including this week's sour notes from Apple, United Technologies and DuPont.

With 54 percent of the S&P 500 companies having reported results so far, 62.5 percent have topped earnings expectations, under the 67 percent average over the past four quarters. Just 37 percent have topped revenue forecasts, well under the 55 percent over the past four quarters.

The earnings disappointments led to some intensive selling, driving the Dow industrials down 243.36 points on Tuesday alone.

The S&P 500 has ended down in five of the past seven trading sessions. Those declines have pushed the benchmark S&P under its 50-day moving average of around 1,434, leading some analysts to believe it may be ready for a bounce.

"We'll use any pullback as an opportunity to buy," said Chip Cobb, senior vice president at Bryn Mawr Trust Asset Management in Bryn Mawr, Pa. "Even though we've seen a number of companies miss expectations and be overly cautious, we're focusing on how a majority have beaten."

Cobb said next week he was especially looking to results from U.S. Steel. Its stock is down almost 20 percent so far this year.

"Steel companies have been participating really poorly, and I'm anxious to see if that will continue," he said.

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Source: http://economywatch.nbcnews.com/_news/2012/10/28/14758574-jobs-data-election-may-overshadow-earnings?lite

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Thursday, October 18, 2012

Aereo opens its streaming TV to Mac and Windows web browsers

Aereo starts streaming TV to Mac and Windows web browsers

If you'd wanted to watch Aereo's unique antenna-to-internet TV streaming until today, you had to tune in from an iOS device or Roku box. That's not a lot of choice for placeshifting, is it? A fresh update to the company's streaming service has widened the choices considerably for New Yorkers to include all the major browsers on Macs and Windows PCs. As long as you're using a recent version of Chrome, Firefox, Internet Explorer, Opera or Safari, you can catch up on Ion or Telemundo while you're checking email. About the only restrictions left are the continued lack of Android support and occasional lawsuits from traditionalist broadcasters.

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Aereo opens its streaming TV to Mac and Windows web browsers originally appeared on Engadget on Wed, 17 Oct 2012 21:40:00 EDT. Please see our terms for use of feeds.

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Bochy rejects retaliation talk heading into Game 3

ST. LOUIS (AP) ? Giants manager Bruce Bochy expects Marco Scutaro to be in his lineup card for Game 3 of the NL championship series, two days after St. Louis slugger Matt Holliday plowed into the San Francisco second baseman.

"I think so. It feels much better," Scutaro said Tuesday night after participating in a workout at Busch Stadium. "I thought it was going to be worse. Normally, the next day is when you feel it the most."

Neither seemed too interested in any talk of retaliation.

"What's on our mind is to go out and play our best ball," Bochy said Tuesday night, a day before the best-of-seven series resumes at Busch Stadium with the Giants and St. Louis Cardinals tied at one game apiece. "That's over. You have to move on."

Scutaro said a shutout from Matt Cain would be perfect and knew nothing about get-even plans. If Matt Holliday approached him before the game, he joked that the Cardinals slugger would be in for a fight.

The recollection of the play was vivid.

"All of a sudden, I just saw this train coming," he said. "I didn't have time to do pretty much anything. I don't even know how I threw the ball to first, but I think I did, huh?"

He added that if Holliday had slid any farther, "probably you're going to make it to shortstop."

Results of an MRI exam showed Scutaro has a strained left hip after Holliday's late slide while busting up a double play. Bochy said Scutaro also had a sore left knee, and the manager had planned on holding him out of practice after the team flight arrived from the West Coast.

"We're being hopeful he can go," Bochy said. "I will say he's more optimistic about where he's at right now than when it first happened."

Cain, who will face fellow 16-game winner Kyle Lohse, said little about any possible animosity. Cain added that he wouldn't be afraid to throw inside against Holliday.

"You've got to go out there and pitch your game," Cain said. "If something gets away from me inside, that's kind of part of the game. You can't have a fear of doing that."

The 36-year-old Scutaro was an unexpected find for the Giants, batting .362 with 40 runs and 44 RBIs in 61 games after being acquired in late July from the Rockies for a minor league infielder. He's batting .250 with three RBIs in the playoffs, but has stepped it up in the NLCS, going 4 for 8 with two RBIs.

"He's driven in a lot of two-out runs and gotten rallies going for us as well," Cain said. "He's been really, really big for us."

Bochy reiterated his opinion that Holliday had made an "illegal slide," but said he hadn't talked with St. Louis manager Mike Matheny or anyone else on the Cardinals.

"I don't think there was intent, to be honest, hurting somebody," Bochy said. "But it was late. Marco was behind the bag, he really didn't hit dirt until he got behind the base.

"And the second baseman, he's in a position there where there can be some damage done, as we saw. He came out of this plenty good considering how hard he got hit."

Added Scutaro: "I don't know too much about sliding rules, but I think it was a little late. I don't think he was intentionally doing it."

Scutaro came out of Game 2 in the fifth inning because he was having trouble running, particularly side to side. He said his leg had gone numb, too.

Pain in the left knee developed on Tuesday, and Scutaro said both the hip and knee were stiff during the workout. If he can't start, Ryan Theriot would play second.

St. Louis didn't work out Tuesday after a late-night return flight to the Midwest. The exception was a 49-pitch simulated game by Jake Westbrook, who is recovering from a strained right oblique and is hopeful of rejoining the staff if St. Louis makes it to the World Series.

After Game 2, Holliday said he relayed an apology of sorts to Giants catcher Busty Posey before his next at-bat.

"I told Buster to tell Marco I wish I had started my slide a step earlier," Holliday said. "I wanted him to know I wasn't trying to hurt him. When a guy has to leave the game, I feel bad."

Holliday also defended his hard-nosed approach.

"When I'm at first and see a grounder to short, I'm just trying to make sure they can't turn the double play," Holliday said. "He was right on second base. I hope he's OK. He's a good guy."

Back at home, where Holliday will get cheers instead of boos, Matheny said what happened is just part of the game.

"To me, what I see is a guy who I've never seen one act of trying to hurt anybody," Matheny said. "And I would never believe that's what he was trying to do. I know what Matt's intentions were and he was thinking about his team at the time."

Lohse hopes to end a string of early exits for Cardinals starters in Game 3. He's all about efficiency, avoiding extended at-bats and letting hitters get themselves out.

St. Louis has gone three straight games without a starter getting an out in the fifth inning. Matheny said travel days during the postseason lessen the burden and keep pitchers fresh. Still, he'd rather not keep making those early trips to the mound.

"You have strong starting pitching, you have an opportunity to be successful," Matheny said. "Otherwise, you're fighting an uphill battle all the time and it seems like you're constantly coming back."

Lohse needed just 87 pitches to complete a strong seven-inning outing his last time out. He did not get a decision in a 2-1 loss to the Nationals in Game 4 of the NL division series. Lohse worked six innings or longer and threw fewer than 100 pitches 11 times during the regular season.

"It's not really a secret: I rely on getting first-pitch strikes, getting ahead of the guys and making them hit my pitch," Lohse said. "That's my version of pitching to contact. I'm not out there trying to strike guys out. I want them out in three or four pitches and move on."

He'll try not to carry any extra burden into this start.

"We've had our ups and downs as the rotation goes," Lohse said. "You can't put more pressure on yourself to go out there and do more. I can't go out there and try to throw seven innings all at once."

Cain was ex-Cardinals manager Tony La Russa's choice as the NL All-Star game starter in July. The right-hander hasn't gone deep in either of his postseason starts, giving up six runs over 10 2-3 innings.

Cain struggled against the Cardinals this year, going 1-1 with a 6.94 ERA in two starts, and is 2-3 with a 4.94 ERA overall in eight starts.

Cain recalled a start in 2006 or '07 when Albert Pujols "took me to Big Mac Land."

"I haven't had a ton of starts in this ballpark," Cain said. "I think the biggest thing is just making good pitches, and at times I didn't make good pitches against these guys."

The Giants' probable pitchers for Games 4 and 5 remain "TBA" for now according to Bochy, who said he'd reveal his choices after Game 3 depending on who he used in that game.

"I have not named a starter, really, because I don't have to right now," Bochy said. "That's my biggest reason. And we'll see what happens tomorrow."

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/bochy-rejects-retaliation-talk-heading-game-3-004622455--mlb.html

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Judge sets June start date for Zimmerman murder trial

By NBC News staff

Handout / Reuters

George Zimmerman is seen in a photo shortly after he shot and killed Trayvon Martin in Sanford, Fla., in February.

A Florida judge has set June 10, 2013 as the start date of the murder trial of George Zimmerman.

Zimmerman, 29, a former neighborhood watch volunteer, is charged with second-degree murder for shooting and killing 17-year-old Trayvon Martin in Sanford, Fla., on Feb. 26.

Zimmerman claimed self-defense in the case and has pleaded not guilty.


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Attorneys in the case said they estimate the trial will last three weeks, and Prosecutor Bernie de la Rionda said he expected the jury selection would take longer than the trial itself, the Orlando Sentinel reported.

Circuit Court Judge Debra Nelson was appointed to the case in late August after the former judge in the case made disparaging remarks about Zimmerman?s character and advocated for additional charges against him during a bond hearing.

A hearing is set for Friday for Nelson to hear arguments on several new motions, including the defense asking for more time to interview state witnesses, reported NBCMiami.com.?

Zimmerman, whose father is white and whose mother is Peruvian, says he shot Martin, who was black, in self-defense after following him in a gated community in Sanford. Police questioned Zimmerman but initially decided against pressing charges.

The lack of an arrest or charges sparked protests nationwide, with critics alleging that Zimmerman confronted Martin because of his race. Zimmerman's supporters denied that.

The decision whether to arrest Zimmerman was delayed for several weeks because Zimmerman had indicated that he would argue self-defense under Florida's so-called Stand Your Ground law, which shields subjects from prosecution if a judge determines that the shooting was justified to protect life or property.

Zimmerman is currently out of jail on bail. He and his wife, Shellie, who is charged with perjury in the case for her claims that the couple had no money at a bond hearing, are both living in hiding in Seminole County, according to the Sun-Sentinel.

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Source: http://usnews.nbcnews.com/_news/2012/10/17/14508890-florida-judge-sets-june-start-date-for-george-zimmerman-murder-trial?lite

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Egyptian father: Daughter punished for not veiling

(AP) ? A teacher in southern Egypt punished two 12-year-old schoolgirls for not wearing the Muslim headscarf by cutting their hair, the father of one girl said Wednesday, in an incident that stokes concerns over personal rights following the rise of Islamist political movements.

The governor of Luxor province where the incident occurred called the teacher's actions "shameful" and said she had been transferred to another school. But rights groups say that some Islamic conservatives have been emboldened by the success of groups like Muslim Brotherhood and the ultraconservative Salafi trend in parliamentary and presidential elections and have been increasingly brazen about forcing their standards on other Egyptians.

The incident follows a surge in legal cases against Egyptians, mostly Christians, who allegedly showed contempt for religion. The trial of one, Alber Saber, opened Wednesday but was postponed.

It also comes amid a fierce debate over how the role of religion will be defined in the country's new constitution. The preponderance of Islamists on the panel drafting the document has alarmed liberals and religious minorities.

In the village of Qurna in Luxor province, 500 kilometers (300 miles) south of Cairo, Berbesh Khairi El-Rawi said the teacher forced the two girls to stand with their hands above their heads for two hours and then cut their hair in their school.

El-Rawi, the father of one of the two girls, told The Associated Press that he filed a complaint after the Oct. 10 incident with the prosecutor's office in Luxor. He had no further comment.

The prosecutor's office declined to comment on the case. Provincial governor Ezzat Saad confirmed the teacher had been transferred for a "shameful" act but did not otherwise comment.

The teacher, Eman Abu Bakar, could not be reached. She told the Egyptian semi-official newspaper al-Ahram that the amount of hair she cut off of the girls' heads "did not exceed two centimeters" (one inch).

Abu Bakar was quoted as saying she only resorted to cutting her students' hair after warning them repeatedly to cover their heads. After these repeated warnings, a student handed her a scissors from his bag, and that he and other students asked her to "implement" her threats.

In a photo published by Al-Ahram, Abu Bakar is shown wearing the niqab, a garment that covers everything but a woman's eyes.

Most Muslim women in Egypt wear the headscarf, but increasing numbers now wear the more conservative niqab.

Ziad Abdel Tawab of the Cairo Institute for Human Rights said the incident was alarming but not surprising.

"Whether in schools or outside schools, the general sentiment is that any abusive action, if it is justified as protection of Islam, is tolerable," he said.

Meanwhile, a Cairo court postponed proceedings in the trial of 27-year-old Coptic Christian activist Alber Saber, who faces charges of insulting religion, to November 14.

Saber was arrested last month after neighbors complained he had posted an anti-Islam film that has sparked protests across the Muslim world to his Facebook page, but investigators didn't find them. Nonetheless, Saber was put on trial and now faces a six-year prison sentence and fines.

His lawyer Ahmed Ezzat said in an emailed statement that all proceedings against Saber have involved serious legal breaches that should result in the nullifying of any evidence put forward against him.

Ezzat also said that after Saber's arrest on September 13, a police officer incited others detained in the station to attack Saber, resulting in detainees beating him and cutting him with a razor blade. A police officer at the station denied the report, speaking anonymously as he was not authorized to talk to the media.

Hassiba Hadj Sahraoui of Amnesty International said in a statement Wednesday that blasphemy cases like the one against Saber "set a dangerous precedent for the Egyptian authorities' tolerance of freedom of expression in the country."

"Criticism of religions and other beliefs and ideas is a vital component of the right to freedom of expression," Sahraoui said. "Laws - such as blasphemy laws - that criminalize such criticism violate human rights."

The rights group said that Saber's lawyers "fear for his safety in prison and outside if released. They also fear for the safety of his mother and sister who have been threatened and forced to leave their home which was surrounded by angry mobs."

In another incident that raised concerns over the freedom of expression, a top parliamentarian suspended the editor-in-chief of a state-owned newspaper for publishing a report deemed an offense to the military.

Ahmed Fahmy, the head of the Islamist-dominated Shura Council upper house of parliament, named a replacement for Gamal Abdel-Rahim after his paper, al-Gomhuria, published a Wednesday report claiming that authorities would soon bar the country's former top military leaders from traveling abroad pending an investigation into alleged corruption and the deaths of protesters during their 17 months in power.

The paper quoted an unnamed judicial source. The report was later denied by the Ministry of Justice, and a member of the armed forces protested what he called an "offense" to the military, the state Middle East News Agency said.

The move to replace Abdel-Rahim prompted criticism from journalists and media watchdog groups. Although the state-owned media formally belong to the Shura Council, which appoints the editors, journalists say it is not the business of the council to take disciplinary measures for publishing offenses.

A group of Abdel-Rahim's colleagues gathered at the paper's offices to protest the decision and declared a strike. Abdel-Rahim told them that he will not abide by the decision. He said that Egypt's union of journalists should decide if there is to be an investigation into the matter.

Fahmy, a leading member of the Muslim Brotherhood's political party, could not be reached for comment.

The state-owned papers, run for years by secular-leaning editors, had a reputation as a mouthpiece for President Hosni Mubarak, who was deposed last year.

Gamal Eid, the head of the Arab Network for Human Rights Information media watchdog, said the decision was "arbitrary" and is a continuation of the same "mistakes" of the previous regime.

___

Associated Press writer Maggie Fick contributed reporting from Cairo.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/cae69a7523db45408eeb2b3a98c0c9c5/Article_2012-10-17-Egypt/id-0a34fa8285cf4dbfb0f855ddfb9eb80c

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Wednesday, October 17, 2012

Evolutionary origins of our pretty smile

ScienceDaily (Oct. 17, 2012) ? It takes both teeth and jaws to make a pretty smile, but the evolutionary origins of these parts of our anatomy have only just been discovered, thanks to a particle accelerator and a long dead fish.

All living jawed vertebrates (animals with backbones, such as humans) have teeth, but it has long been thought that the first jawed vertebrates lacked pearly gnashers, instead capturing prey with gruesome scissor-like jaw-bones.

However new research, led by the University of Bristol and published October 17 in Nature, shows that these earliest jawed vertebrates possessed teeth too indicating that teeth evolved along with, or soon after, the evolution of jaws.

Palaeontologists from Bristol, the Natural History Museum and Curtin University, Australia collaborated with physicists from Switzerland to study the jaws of a primitive jawed fish called Compagopiscis.

The international team studied fossils of Compagopiscis using high energy X-rays at the Swiss Light Source at the Paul Scherrer Institut in Switzerland, revealing the structure and development of teeth and bones.

Lead author, Dr Martin Ruecklin of the University of Bristol said: "We were able to visualise every tissue, cell and growth line within the bony jaws, allowing us to study the development of the jaws and teeth. We could then make comparisons with the embryology of living vertebrates, thus demonstrating that placoderms possessed teeth."

Co-author, Professor Philip Donoghue of the University of Bristol's School of Earth Sciences said: "This is solid evidence for the presence of teeth in these first jawed vertebrates and solves the debate on the origin of teeth."

Co-author Dr Zerina Johanson from the Natural History Museum said: "These wonderfully preserved fossils from Australia yield many secrets of our evolutionary ancestry but research has been held back waiting for the kind of non-destructive technology that we used in this study. Without the collaborations between palaeontologists and physicists, our evolutionary history would remain hidden in the rocks."

Professor Marco Stampanoni of the Paul Scherrer Institut said: "We performed non-invasive 3D microscopy on the sample using synchrotron radiation, a very powerful X-ray source. This technique allows us to obtain a perfect digital model and very detailed insight views of the old fossil without destroying it. Normally, our method delivers very high spatial resolution on tiny samples. For this experiment we modified our setup and reconstruction algorithms in order to expand the field of view significantly while keeping the spatial resolution high."

This work was funded by the EU Framework Programme 7, the Natural Environment Research Council and the Paul Scherrer Institut.

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by University of Bristol.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Journal Reference:

  1. Martin R?cklin, Philip C. J. Donoghue, Zerina Johanson, Kate Trinajstic, Federica Marone, Marco Stampanoni. Development of teeth and jaws in the earliest jawed vertebrates. Nature, 2012; DOI: 10.1038/nature11555

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/strange_science/~3/zukcJzU6Ezw/121017131834.htm

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The Danger of Internet Marketing Autopilot - Business Advice Forum



Business Advice Forum is an online community, of website owners, small business owners and those considering starting their own business. Visitors can read the forum posts, however as a member you could ask business questions, discuss business issues, new business ideas, share business advice, post ads in our advertising forum sections and get help with building and promoting your website.
Registration is fast, simple and absolutely free so please click here to join our community today!

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Source: http://www.businessadviceforum.com/showthread.php/41026-The-Danger-of-Internet-Marketing-Autopilot

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Thursday, October 11, 2012

Glaciers cracking in the presence of carbon dioxide

Glaciers cracking in the presence of carbon dioxide [ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 10-Oct-2012
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Michael Bishop
michael.bishop@iop.org
01-179-301-032
Institute of Physics

The well-documented presence of excessive levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) in our atmosphere is causing global temperatures to rise and glaciers and ice caps to melt.

New research, published today, 11 October, in IOP Publishing's Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, has shown that CO2 molecules may be having a more direct impact on the ice that covers our planet.

Researchers from the Massachusetts Institute for Technology have shown that the material strength and fracture toughness of ice are decreased significantly under increasing concentrations of CO2 molecules, making ice caps and glaciers more vulnerable to cracking and splitting into pieces, as was seen recently when a huge crack in the Pine Island Glacier in Antarctica spawned a glacier the size of Berlin.

Ice caps and glaciers cover seven per cent of the Earthmore than Europe and North America combinedand are responsible for reflecting 80? per cent of the Sun's light rays that enter our atmosphere and maintain the Earth's temperature. They are also a natural carbon sink, capturing a large amount of CO2.

"If ice caps and glaciers were to continue to crack and break into pieces, their surface area that is exposed to air would be significantly increased, which could lead to accelerated melting and much reduced coverage area on the Earth. The consequences of these changes remain to be explored by the experts, but they might contribute to changes of the global climate," said lead author of the study Professor Markus Buehler.

Buehler, along with his student and co-author of the paper, Zhao Qin, used a series of atomistic-level computer simulations to analyse the dynamics of molecules to investigate the role of CO2 molecules in ice fracturing, and found that CO2 exposure causes ice to break more easily.

Notably, the decreased ice strength is not merely caused by material defects induced by CO2 bubbles, but rather by the fact that the strength of hydrogen bondsthe chemical bonds between water molecules in an ice crystalis decreased under increasing concentrations of CO2. This is because the added CO2 competes with the water molecules connected in the ice crystal.

It was shown that CO2 molecules first adhere to the crack boundary of ice by forming a bond with the hydrogen atoms and then migrate through the ice in a flipping motion along the crack boundary towards the crack tip.

The CO2 molecules accumulate at the crack tip and constantly attack the water molecules by trying to bond to them. This leaves broken bonds behind and increases the brittleness of the ice on a macroscopic scale.

###

Notes to Editors

Contact

1. For further information, a full draft of the journal paper or contact with one of the researchers, contact IOP Press Officer, Michael Bishop:
Tel: 0117 930 1032
E-mail: Michael.bishop@iop.org

Carbon dioxide enhances fragility of ice crystals

2. The published version of the paper 'Carbon dioxide enhances fragility of ice crystals' (Zhao Qin and Markus J Buehler 2012 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 45 445302) will be freely available online from Thursday 11 October.

Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics

3. This weekly journal is concerned with all aspects of applied physics research, from magnetism, plasmas and semiconductors to the structure and properties of matter.

IOP Publishing

4. IOP Publishing provides publications through which leading-edge scientific research is distributed worldwide. IOP Publishing is central to the Institute of Physics (IOP), a not-for-profit society. Any financial surplus earned by IOP Publishing goes to support science through the activities of IOP. Beyond our traditional journals programme, we make high-value scientific information easily accessible through an ever-evolving portfolio of community websites, magazines, conference proceedings and a multitude of electronic services. Focused on making the most of new technologies, we're continually improving our electronic interfaces to make it easier for researchers to find exactly what they need, when they need it, in the format that suits them best. Go to http://ioppublishing.org/.

The Institute of Physics

5. The Institute of Physics is a leading scientific society promoting physics and bringing physicists together for the benefit of all.

It has a worldwide membership of around 40 000 comprising physicists from all sectors, as well as those with an interest in physics. It works to advance physics research, application and education; and engages with policymakers and the public to develop awareness and understanding of physics. Its publishing company, IOP Publishing, is a world leader in professional scientific communications. Go to www.iop.org



[ Back to EurekAlert! ] [ | E-mail | Share Share ]

?


AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


Glaciers cracking in the presence of carbon dioxide [ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 10-Oct-2012
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Michael Bishop
michael.bishop@iop.org
01-179-301-032
Institute of Physics

The well-documented presence of excessive levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) in our atmosphere is causing global temperatures to rise and glaciers and ice caps to melt.

New research, published today, 11 October, in IOP Publishing's Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, has shown that CO2 molecules may be having a more direct impact on the ice that covers our planet.

Researchers from the Massachusetts Institute for Technology have shown that the material strength and fracture toughness of ice are decreased significantly under increasing concentrations of CO2 molecules, making ice caps and glaciers more vulnerable to cracking and splitting into pieces, as was seen recently when a huge crack in the Pine Island Glacier in Antarctica spawned a glacier the size of Berlin.

Ice caps and glaciers cover seven per cent of the Earthmore than Europe and North America combinedand are responsible for reflecting 80? per cent of the Sun's light rays that enter our atmosphere and maintain the Earth's temperature. They are also a natural carbon sink, capturing a large amount of CO2.

"If ice caps and glaciers were to continue to crack and break into pieces, their surface area that is exposed to air would be significantly increased, which could lead to accelerated melting and much reduced coverage area on the Earth. The consequences of these changes remain to be explored by the experts, but they might contribute to changes of the global climate," said lead author of the study Professor Markus Buehler.

Buehler, along with his student and co-author of the paper, Zhao Qin, used a series of atomistic-level computer simulations to analyse the dynamics of molecules to investigate the role of CO2 molecules in ice fracturing, and found that CO2 exposure causes ice to break more easily.

Notably, the decreased ice strength is not merely caused by material defects induced by CO2 bubbles, but rather by the fact that the strength of hydrogen bondsthe chemical bonds between water molecules in an ice crystalis decreased under increasing concentrations of CO2. This is because the added CO2 competes with the water molecules connected in the ice crystal.

It was shown that CO2 molecules first adhere to the crack boundary of ice by forming a bond with the hydrogen atoms and then migrate through the ice in a flipping motion along the crack boundary towards the crack tip.

The CO2 molecules accumulate at the crack tip and constantly attack the water molecules by trying to bond to them. This leaves broken bonds behind and increases the brittleness of the ice on a macroscopic scale.

###

Notes to Editors

Contact

1. For further information, a full draft of the journal paper or contact with one of the researchers, contact IOP Press Officer, Michael Bishop:
Tel: 0117 930 1032
E-mail: Michael.bishop@iop.org

Carbon dioxide enhances fragility of ice crystals

2. The published version of the paper 'Carbon dioxide enhances fragility of ice crystals' (Zhao Qin and Markus J Buehler 2012 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 45 445302) will be freely available online from Thursday 11 October.

Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics

3. This weekly journal is concerned with all aspects of applied physics research, from magnetism, plasmas and semiconductors to the structure and properties of matter.

IOP Publishing

4. IOP Publishing provides publications through which leading-edge scientific research is distributed worldwide. IOP Publishing is central to the Institute of Physics (IOP), a not-for-profit society. Any financial surplus earned by IOP Publishing goes to support science through the activities of IOP. Beyond our traditional journals programme, we make high-value scientific information easily accessible through an ever-evolving portfolio of community websites, magazines, conference proceedings and a multitude of electronic services. Focused on making the most of new technologies, we're continually improving our electronic interfaces to make it easier for researchers to find exactly what they need, when they need it, in the format that suits them best. Go to http://ioppublishing.org/.

The Institute of Physics

5. The Institute of Physics is a leading scientific society promoting physics and bringing physicists together for the benefit of all.

It has a worldwide membership of around 40 000 comprising physicists from all sectors, as well as those with an interest in physics. It works to advance physics research, application and education; and engages with policymakers and the public to develop awareness and understanding of physics. Its publishing company, IOP Publishing, is a world leader in professional scientific communications. Go to www.iop.org



[ Back to EurekAlert! ] [ | E-mail | Share Share ]

?


AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/iop-gci100812.php

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